動畫

搭配 @keyframes 使用

keyframes

宣告關鍵影格

demo

html

<div class="block"></div>

scss

.block {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    position: fixed;
    top: 10px;
    left: 10px;
    background: #000;
    color: #fff;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    .run {
        animation-name: move;
        animation-duration: 3s;
    }
}


@keyframes move {
    from {
        left: 10px;
    }

    to {
        left: 300px;
    }
}

from 等同 0%

to 等同 100%

多關鍵影格

除了使用 from 與 to 來表示

也可以使用百分比的方式來將細節更完善

demo

scss

@keyframes move {
    0% {
        left: 10px;
    }

    20% {
        top: 100px;
        transform: rotate(180deg);
    }

    50% {
        top: 150px;
        transform: rotate(360deg) scale(2);
    }

    100% {
        left: 300px;
    }
}

動畫名稱

animation-name

使用 @keyframes

.run {
    animation-name: move;
}

動畫時間

animation-duration

動畫執行時間

.run {
    animation-duration: 3s;
    animation-duration: 3000ms;
}

動畫延遲

animation-delay

動畫延遲時間

.run {
    animation-delay: 3s;
    animation-delay: 3000ms;
}

動畫速度曲線

animation-timing-function

demo

.linear {
    animation-timing-function: linear;
}

.ease {
    animation-timing-function: ease;
}

.ease-in {
    animation-timing-function: ease-in;
}

.ease-out {
    animation-timing-function: ease-out;
}

.ease-in-out {
    animation-timing-function: ease-in-out;
}

.cubic-bezier {
    animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1);
}

.steps {
    animation-timing-function: steps(3, start);
}

.step-start {
    animation-timing-function: step-start;
}

.step-end {
    animation-timing-function: step-end;
}

.initial {
    animation-timing-function: initial;
}

.inherit {
    animation-timing-function: inherit;
}

執行次數

animation-iteration-count

預設一次，infinite 表示不停止

demo

播放方向

animation-direction

順向

0% -> 100%，預設值

.normal {
    animation-direction: normal;
}

逆向

100% -> 0%

.reverse {
    animation-direction: reverse;
}

demo

輪播

奇數 0% -> 100%，偶數 100% -> 0%

參考播放次數 animation-iteration-count

.alternate {
    animation-direction: alternate;
}

demo

逆向輪播

奇數 100% -> 0%，偶數 0% -> 100%

參考播放次數 animation-iteration-count

.alternate-reverse {
    animation-direction: alternate-reverse;
}

demo

模式

動畫結束後模式

預設

動畫停留在當下樣式

.none {
    animation-fill-mode: none;
}

最後影格

動畫停留在最後影格

.forwards {
    animation-fill-mode: forwards;
}

demo

開始影格

動畫停留在開始影格，搭配 animation-delay 才看得出效果

.backwards {
    animation-fill-mode: backwards;
}

demo

開始最後影格

結合 forwards 與 backwards 特性

.both {
    animation-fill-mode: both;
}

demo

綜合練習

demo

藍天

body {
    background: rgb(49, 141, 216);
}

建立雲朵

.cloud {
    width: 500px;
    height: 120px;
    border-radius: 1000px;
    background: #fff;
    position: absolute;
    top: 200px;
    left: 0;

    &::after {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
        border-radius: 100px;
        background: #fff;
        top: -50px;
        left: 100px;
    }

    &::before {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        width: 230px;
        height: 200px;
        border-radius: 300px;
        background: #fff;
        top: -100px;
        left: 190px;
    }
}

建立影格

@keyframes move {
    from {
        margin-left: 0;
    }

    to {
        margin-left: 100%;
    }
}

套用動畫

.cloud {
    // ...

    animation-name: move;
    animation-duration: 10s;
    animation-iteration-count: infinite;
    animation-direction: alternate;
    animation-timing-function: linear;

    // ...
}

大小雲朵

.xl {
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

.small {
    transform: scale(0.5);
}

時間差異

animation-duration

套件

animate.css